![]() DEVICE AND METHOD FOR PROCESSING A WORKPIECE
专利摘要:
The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for processing a workpiece (2) rotatably mounted on a machine tool (3) about a set rotation axis (6) with a tool (9) deliverable in one clamping to the workpiece (2) a deviation of the actual axis of rotation (17) of the workpiece (2) from the nominal axis of rotation (6) of the machine tool (3) is determined using sensor measurement data and this deviation in the delivery of the tool (9) to the workpiece (2) for reduction of molding and / or position deviation on the workpiece (2) is taken into account. In order to meet high processing requirements, it is proposed that on the workpiece (2) at its two end faces (20, 21) each have a measuring means (18, 19) is fixed with a known geometric shape and during the processing of the workpiece (2) measurement data of these with the workpiece (2) co-rotating measuring means (18, 19) are recorded in order to use these measurement data and taking into account the known geometric shape of the measuring means (18, 19), the deviation of the actual to the desired rotational axis (17, 6) of To determine spanned workpiece (2) and to take into account this deviation in the delivery of the tool (9) to the workpiece (2) in the sense of a reduction of shape and / or position deviation on the workpiece (2). 公开号:AT511744A2 申请号:T11392011 申请日:2011-08-08 公开日:2013-02-15 发明作者:Reinhard Koll 申请人:Wfl Millturn Tech Gmbh & Co Kg; IPC主号:
专利说明:
r * 1 (00 096PAT) jet The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for processing a workpiece rotatably mounted in a machine tool via clamping means about a desired rotational axis with a tool deliverable in a clamping tool in which determines using sensor measurement data, a deviation of the actual axis of rotation of the workpiece relative to the desired axis of rotation of the machine tool and this deviation in the delivery of the tool to the workpiece for the reduction of shape and / or position deviation is taken into account on the workpiece. In order to be able to reduce form and / or position deviations in the case of workpieces, it is known (EP1663573B1) to determine deviations of an actual rotational axis of the workpiece clamped in a chuck against the desired rotational axis of the clamping means or the chuck of the machine tool, and this deviation when machining the workpiece. For this purpose, before the machining of the workpiece, a tumbling motion of the clamped workpiece is measured by at least two sensors at axially spaced-apart points touching the workpiece to be ground. While such a method may reduce the disadvantages of undesirable dynamic displacements during rotational clamping, the effects resulting from machining by the tool may not account for such a method. This is not the case, because it is measured on the workpiece contour to be machined which contour represents an unknown. This results in a systematic measurement inaccuracy, since errors in the movement can not be clearly assigned to the geometry or the moving axis of rotation. A comparatively high reduction of shape and / or positional deviations can not guarantee such a processing method. In addition, such a machining method by measuring before machining the workpiece is relatively time consuming and thus may be disadvantageous in terms of operation. Furthermore, a measuring method is known from the prior art (DE2000005A1), in which the measurement error is reduced by taking account of the errors occurring in the mounting of the receiving prisms. For this purpose, a measuring device with a known geometric shape is attached to the free workpiece ends. During the rotation of the workpiece mounted on receiving prisms, sensors record measurement data from the measuring disks rotating with the workpiece. With the help of these measurement data and taking into account the known geometric shape of the measuring means correction signals for the measured Kreisfom deviation or shape and / or position deviation are determined on the workpiece. Loose resting of a workpiece on receiving prisms is possibly suitable for measuring purposes, but not for processing purposes for reducing a shape and / or position deviation on the workpiece. The invention has now taken on the task of improving a machining method for reducing a shape and / or position deviation on a workpiece of the type described in such a way that the highest geometric requirements for a machined workpiece can be met. In addition, the method should be easy to use and be able to dynamically counteract unwanted changes in process parameters. The invention achieves this object by attaching a measuring device with a known geometric shape to the workpiece at its two end faces, and during the machining of the workpiece measuring data are recorded from these measuring devices rotating with the workpiece in order to obtain these measurement data and taking into account the known geometric shape of the Measuring means to determine the deviation of the actual to the desired axis of rotation of the clamped workpiece and to take into account this deviation in the delivery of the tool to the workpiece in the sense of a reduction of shape and / or position deviation on the workpiece. If a measuring device with a known geometric shape is fastened to the workpiece at its two end faces, then a measuring possibility can be created independently of the workpiece side to be machined, especially as the end faces of the workpieces, usually in a raw state, are often unsuitable for measuring purposes. On the basis of these measuring means, it is now possible to deduce a simple procedure for deviations of the nominal and actual axis of rotation of the clamped workpiece, and also during the machining of the workpiece. For this purpose it can be provided that, during the machining of the workpiece, measurement data are recorded by these measuring devices rotating with the workpiece in order to determine the deviation of the actual and desired rotational axes of the clamped workpiece via these measured data and taking into account the known geometric shape of the measuring means , Various methods of the prior art are known for this determination of the deviation. For example, it may be sufficient to determine over 5 sensors a tilt of the workpiece axis of symmetry (actual axis of rotation) with respect to the desired axis of rotation of the clamping means and thus such a deviation. Now, if this deviation in the delivery of the tool to the workpiece in terms of a reduction of shape and / or position deviation on the workpiece considered, then an extremely robust process can be created, which in addition to a comprehensive consideration of error influences also particularly dynamic to unwanted changes in the process parameters Thus, for example, with a measurement during machining, a dynamic displacement of the current axis of rotation to the actual axis of rotation can be compensated by the tool adjustment is readjusted accordingly. Compared with the state of the art, machining can therefore be comparatively easy to use, not only in accordance with the highest geometric requirements, but also by flexible consideration of deviations from process parameters during this machining operation. Is measured through a through hole of a lathe chuck and / or a work spindle of the clamping means on the measuring means, then the ease of use of the method can be further improved. Such usually provided for the supply of rod material openings namely often provide sufficient freedom of movement for mounting sensors. It may be advantageous, furthermore, that the sensors or also the measuring means can remain accessible for maintenance and / or checking purposes via such openings during a clamping operation. In order to be able to determine tumbling movements particularly precisely, it can be provided that measurement data for two coordinate axes of the workpiece and measuring data for three coordinate axes of the workpiece are recorded by one measuring device. Thus, the five rigid body degrees of freedom can be clearly determined, the degree of freedom can be neglected to rotate about the actual axis of rotation. A particularly high accuracy in a determination of the actual axis of rotation and thus a significant reduction in the shape and / or positional deviation on the workpiece may result if the measurement data are taken up by a geometric shape following at least partially a spherical geometry. A Kugelkalottenform could also be characterized by a simplified mounting option on the front side of the workpiece, which can be beneficial to the ease of use of the process. Likewise, a shape following a circular ring can lead to precise measurement results with respect to the actual axis of rotation if, for example, measurement data are recorded via an inductive measurement. A stable process can thus be created. If a clamping device clamps the workpiece through at least one central opening on the measuring device, then known method steps for clamping the workpiece can be used despite measuring means on the front side of the workpiece. The process for machining the workpiece is therefore not increased in its complexity, so that despite improved process results in the reduction of shape and / or position deviations can remain a user-friendly machining process. Simplified process conditions in the consideration of the tool setting can continue to arise if an assignment of the measured data to the rotational angle of the nominal rotational axis takes place via at least one geometrical irregularity on the geometric shape of a measuring device. A calibration of the tool rotational position relative to the measuring device or the position-specific measurement data of the sensors relative to the respective measuring means can thus be neglected. In particular, a flattening on the geometric shape of a measuring device could allow particularly simple operating conditions. In addition, such a flattening for self-checking of the process parameters can also be used during the machining of the workpiece. The method according to the invention can therefore be distinguished from other methods with regard to its stability. The invention could be particularly distinguished when measuring means are used with a geometrically known shape for reducing the shape and / or position deviation on a workpiece via a correction of the employment of a tool to the workpiece during the machining of the workpiece rotatably tensioned in a machine tool. In particular, when the deviation of an actual to a desired rotational axis of the workpiece rotatably tensioned in the machine tool is determined with the aid of the measuring means attached to both workpiece ends. The invention has also set itself the task of providing a device for machining a workpiece of the type described in such a structurally simple manner that thus steadfast high accuracy in the reduction of a shape and / or position deviation can be ensured. In addition, the device should be robust to parameter variations. The invention achieves the stated object with regard to the device in that the measuring device comprises at least two measuring means with a geometric shape known to the control device, wherein at least one measuring means is attached to both end faces of the workpiece and the sensors receive measured data from these measuring means, and that the Control device is connected to these sensors for receiving measurement data during machining of the workpiece. By the measuring device comprises at least two measuring means with a geometric shape known to the control device, wherein at least one measuring means is attached to both end sides of the workpiece and record the sensors of these measuring means, the device can dispense with movement restrictions in the processing area on the tool. The device according to the invention can therefore satisfy any adjustment of the tool and thus ensure excellent results in terms of a reduction of the shape and / or position deviation without restrictions in the processing capability of the workpiece. For this purpose, the control device can be connected to these sensors for recording measurement data during the machining of the workpiece. Compared to the prior art, a particularly stable and structurally simple device can thus be made possible, which can meet the highest demands with a reduction of shape and / or position deviations on the workpiece. If at least one measuring device at least partially follows a spherical shape, not only a stable measurement of the actual axis of rotation of the workpiece, but also the stability of the device can be increased by the comparatively insensitivity in the arrangement of the spherical measuring device. Simple construction conditions can arise when a clamping device tensions the workpiece through an opening of a measuring device. On special measures for clamping means can be dispensed with - on, known from the prior art clamping means can therefore be used, which can provide a particularly cost-effective device. In the figures, for example, the subject invention is illustrated by means of embodiments in more detail. Show it Fig. 1 is a torn-off side view of a machine tool with clamped Workpiece, 2 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1 on the spanned over a tip workpiece end, 3 is an enlarged view of Figure 1 on the clamped in the chuck other workpiece end, 4 is a partial view of a clamped workpiece end with a comparison with FIG. 3 different measuring means, Fig. 5 is a view according to V-V of Fig. 4 and Fig. 6 is a torn-off side view of an alternative embodiment shown in FIG. 1. According to Fig. 1, for example, a device 1 for processing a workpiece 2 is shown. This device 1 comprises on the one hand a known multi-axis machine tool 3, which has been shown only partially for the sake of clarity, and on the other a workpiece 2, which is to be processed by the machine tool 3, so as to reduce, for example, shape and / or positional deviation. For this purpose, the workpiece 2 is clamped rotatably about clamping device 4 of the machine tool 3 about a desired axis of rotation 6. The machine tool also has a tool holder 8 which is movable on the carriage guide 7 of the frame and which carries a tool 9 for machining the workpiece 2. To control and / or control the employment of the tool 9 to the workpiece 2, a control device 10 is provided. This control device 10 can now perform a processing of the workpiece 2 in terms of shape and / or position deviations according to any processing specifications. In order to be able to take into account, for example, a tumbling motion 11 of the workpiece 2 about the desired axis of rotation 6 of the clamping means 4, which may occur, for example, due to anisotropic stiffness tensors of the chuck or lathe chuck 5 of the clamping means 4, the device 1 is assigned a measuring device 12. Sensors 13, 14 of the measuring device 12 now record measurement data which are transmitted to the control device 10 via data lines 15, 16. Using this sensor measurement data, a deviation of the actual axis of rotation 17 of the workpiece 2 relative to the nominal axis of rotation 6 of the machine tool 3 can now be determined by the control device in a known manner (compare EP1663573B1) and this deviation in the delivery of the tool 9 to the workpiece 2 for the reduction of forming and / or positional deviations are taken into account on the workpiece 2. According to the invention, however, this also takes place during the machining of the workpiece 2 by the tool 9. However, this is only possible because the measuring device 12 comprises at least two measuring means 18, 19 with a geometric shape known to the control device 10, on both end faces 20, 21 of the workpiece 2 are fastened and of which the sensors 13, 13 'or 14, 14 14 "record measured data. In general, it is mentioned that these measurement data may include data which has a dependence on the distance between the sensors 13, 13 'or 14, 14', 14 "to the measuring means 18, 19. For example, this inductive sensors are conceivable. By means of these data, the movement of the measuring means 18, 19 in space with respect to the sensors 13, 13 'or 14, 14', 14 "can now be ascertained in a known manner. The measuring means 17, 19, which are co-rotating with the workpiece 2, are thus located on the workpiece 2 outside of the processing area, so that this can be impaired in the tool guide, or in the tool guide 2. Delivery can be processed. Easy to use, so a shape and / or position deviation can be kept within very narrow limits. In order to allow accessibility of the measuring means 18 in the region of a chuck 5 in a structurally simple manner, the passage opening 22 of the chuck 5 and the work spindle 23 of the headstock 24 of the clamping means 4 is used for this purpose. This usually provided for Zuführzwecke of rod material opening 22 can be used in an elegant way for measurement purposes, whereby the design effort on the machine tool 3 can remain low. The sensors 13, 13 'of the measuring device 12 are now positioned through the passage opening 22 via a measuring rod 25 with respect to the measuring means 18 in order to be able to record measured data. 4, an alternative measuring means 26 is shown. Here, the measuring means 26 is embodied as a magnetic annular disc or as a geometric shape following a circular ring geometry 27. For this purpose, as shown in particular in Fig. 5, two sensors 13 and 13 'are arranged, which can detect deviations of the axes 17 and 6 via inductive changes to the sensor signal at the edge 28 of the annulus. Inductive sensors 13, 13 'have distinguished themselves for a particularly accurate measurement data acquisition. As can further be seen from FIG. 5, the measuring means 26 has a flattening 29. About the geometrical irregularity of this measuring means 26, an assignment of the measured data to the rotational angle of the desired axis of rotation 6 take place. An equally comparatively high resolution of this measurement can be provided by a spherical geometry 30 or spherical cap of the measuring means 18 and 19 according to FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and 6. Advantageously, with regard to simple clamping conditions, the measuring device 19 has an opening 31, as shown in FIG. 2, through which the tailstock 32 can clamp the workpiece 2. The mandrel 36 of the tailstock 32 penetrates for this purpose the measuring means 19 and therefore can also act freely on the workpiece 2 exciting, which allows despite the measuring means 19 which is fixed to the end face 20 of the workpiece 2, a stable clamping. As an alternative to clamping using a tailstock 32 according to FIGS. 1 and 2, the clamping according to FIG. 6 shows an end support by a steady rest 32. It is generally mentioned that restraints for supporting the workpiece 2 are also conceivable in the clamping according to FIG are what has not been shown in detail. In addition, the clamping of Fig. 6 also have several lunettes, which was also not shown. By means of such a support, it is possible to fasten on the end face 20 of the workpiece 2 a measuring means 33 which has a shape, such as the measuring means 18 shown in FIG. It can therefore be used two identical measuring means, which can simplify the process. In addition, a spherical cap shape of the measuring means 33 can be particularly distinguished with regard to the measuring accuracy, which may allow a comparatively high degree of reduction of shape and position deviations on the workpiece 2. As already known from FIGS. 1 and 2, sensors 14, 14 ', 14 "are positioned relative to this measuring means 33. For this purpose, the sensors are fastened to a carrier 34 which can be positioned relative to the workpiece 2 or the measuring means 33 via a carriage 35 mounted on the carriage guide 7. Alternatively, the carrier 34 can be attached to the tailstock 32 or the headstock 24, which has not been shown in detail. By this measurement according to the invention on the workpiece 2, namely at its end faces 21, 20, mounted measuring means 18 and 33 can now surprisingly an assignment of the dynamic displacement on the one hand caused by the lathe chuck and on the other hand done back to a runout of the bezel 32, creating a considerable Improvement of the shape and / or position deviations on the workpiece 2 can be ensured.
权利要求:
Claims (15) [1] Patent Attorney Dipl.-Ing. Friedrich Jell Bismarckstrasse 9, A-4020 Linz (00 096PAT) Claims: 1. Method for processing a workpiece (2) rotatably mounted about a nominal axis of rotation (6) in a machine tool (3) with one in one clamping the tool (9) deliverable to the workpiece (2), wherein a deviation of the actual axis of rotation (17) of the workpiece (2) from the nominal axis of rotation (6) of the machine tool (3) is determined using sensor measurement data and this deviation during the delivery of the tool ( 9) to the workpiece (2) for the reduction of shape and / or position deviation on the workpiece (2) is taken into account, characterized in that the workpiece (2) at its two end faces (20, 21) depending on a measuring means (18, 19) is attached with a known geometric shape and during the processing of the workpiece (2) measurement data of these with the workpiece (2) co-rotating measuring means (18, 19) are recorded in order to read about these measurement data and Be Considering the known geometric shape of the measuring means (18, 19) to determine the deviation of the actual to the desired rotational axis (17, 6) of the clamped workpiece (2) and this deviation in the delivery of the tool (9) to the workpiece (2) in the sense a reduction of shape and / or position deviation on the workpiece (2) to be considered. [2] 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that by a passage opening (22) of a lathe chuck (5) and / or a work spindle (23) of the clamping means (4) on the measuring means (18, 19) is measured. [3] 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that by a measuring means (18) measured data to two coordinate axes of the workpiece (2) and 2: «4 · · ·» «*« · > · · Φ · · from the other measuring means (19) measurement data to three coordinate axes of the workpiece (2) are recorded. [4] 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that measurement data of at least partially a ball geometry (30) following geometric shape, in particular Kugelkalottenform be included. [5] 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that measurement data of a at least partially a circular ring geometry (27) following geometric shape are recorded. [6] 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that by at least one central opening (31) on the measuring means (19) a clamping means, in particular a tailstock (32), the workpiece (2) biases. [7] 7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that via at least one geometric irregularity, in particular a flattening (29), takes place on the geometric shape of a measuring means (26) an assignment of the measured data to the rotational angle of the desired axis of rotation (6). [8] 8. Use of measuring means (18, 19) with a geometrically known shape for reducing the shape and / or positional deviation on a workpiece (2) via a correction of the employment of a tool (9) to the workpiece (2) during processing of in a machine tool (4) rotatably tensioned workpiece (2). [9] 9. Use according to claim 8, characterized in that with the aid of, at both end faces (20, 21) fixed measuring means (18, 19), the deviation of an actual to a desired rotational axis (17, 6) of the in the machine tool (3 ) rotatably tensioned workpiece (2) is determined. • · Φ 9 · -ί3 [10] 10. Apparatus for machining a workpiece (2) with clamping means (4) for clamping the workpiece (2) about a desired axis of rotation (6) with a movable tool holder (8) having a tool (9) for machining the workpiece (2) , with a control device (10) connected to the tool holder (8) for controlling the setting of the tool (9) on the workpiece (2) and with a measuring device (12, 13 ', 14', 14 '') ) for recording measured data, wherein the control device (10) on the one hand with the measuring device (12) for determining a deviation of the Istdrehachse (17) of the workpiece (2) with respect to the desired rotational axis (6) using the measurement data of the sensors (13, 13 ' , 14, 14% 14 ") and on the other hand with the tool holder (8) for correcting the delivery of the tool (2) according to the specific deviation between the actual and target rotational axis (17, 6) is connected, characterized in that the measuring device (12 at least two measuring means (18, 19) with a control device (10) known geometric shape, wherein at both end faces (20, 21) of the workpiece (2) each at least one measuring means (18, 19) is fixed, and the sensors (13 , 13 *, 14, 14% 14 ") receive measurement data from these measuring means (18, 19), and in that the control means (10) with these sensors (13, 13% 14, 14 ', 14") record measurement data during the machining of the workpiece (2) is connected. [11] 11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that spin chuck (5) and / or the work spindle (23) of the clamping means (4) has a passage opening (22) for the sensors (13, 13 ') for receiving measurement data from the relevant measuring means (5). 18). [12] 12. The device according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that at least one measuring means (18, 19) at least partially follows a spherical shape. [13] 13. The apparatus of claim 10, 11 or 13, characterized in that at least one measuring means (26) is annular. [14] 14. Device according to one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that a clamping means (4) through an opening (31) of a measuring means (19) biases the workpiece (2). [15] 15. Device according to one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that a measuring means (26) has a flattening (29). Linz, 5 August 2011 WFL Millturn Technologies GmbH & Co. KG by:
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同族专利:
公开号 | 公开日 AT511744A3|2013-06-15| EP2572826A1|2013-03-27| AT511744B1|2014-04-15|
引用文献:
公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题 DD288999A5|1989-11-07|1991-04-18|Tu Dresden Sektion Fertigungstechnik U. Werkzeugmaschinen,De|METHOD OF ADJUSTING AND TENSIONING LONG WORKPIECES PARALLEL TO THE OSCILLATING AXIS| DE2000005A1|1970-01-02|1971-07-08|Jenoptik Jena Gmbh|Device for measuring the form and position deviations of surfaces of rotation| DE19753426A1|1997-12-02|1999-06-17|Kaspar Walter Maschf Kg|Device and method for correcting runout errors| DE10344293A1|2003-09-23|2005-04-21|Walter Ag|Grinding machine with concentricity correction| JP5372598B2|2009-05-15|2013-12-18|株式会社森精機製作所|Processing method and processing system|JP6288283B2|2014-09-09|2018-03-07|株式会社Ihi|Hollow rotating shaft finishing method and hollow rotating shaft| DE102020002421A1|2020-04-22|2021-10-28|Niles-Simmons Industrieanlagen Gmbh|Method and device for determining centers of a workpiece rotatably clamped in a machine tool with a free contour section in the interior|
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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题 AT11392011A|AT511744B1|2011-08-08|2011-08-08|DEVICE AND METHOD FOR PROCESSING A WORKPIECE|AT11392011A| AT511744B1|2011-08-08|2011-08-08|DEVICE AND METHOD FOR PROCESSING A WORKPIECE| EP12179756A| EP2572826A1|2011-08-08|2012-08-08|Device and method for machining a workpiece| 相关专利
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